Checker construction



y 4, 1933- cfe. BIGELOW 1,916,458

CHECKER CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 27, 19:51

. cmz 051982010,

- Patented J ly 4,"1933f CHARLES G. IGEL W,orfcn oAeo,*Iii iNors,1Assreivon'rro jREYiIENGINEERING i i COMPANY, oromoixeo, ILLIhTOIS A CORPORATION "OF MAINEQ v Y omens GONQTRUQTION Q "The invention relates to a he'at exch'anging structure for abstracting heat fromfurnaces or fire gases, accumulating itand transmitting "it laterfon to air: inbrder to heat the-same 1 intensely" More particularly the" invention relat'es to refractory blocks for use with air- "heaters and to an improved type ofblock over "Augusta 1928.

-' ti'on is I conce'rnedf are l characterized by the f'similari'ty o'f'theireXterior and bythe'number and diameter of the vertical passagespro- E "vised-1n t em as; wen as by the thickness of l the"'refractory material preseiit between these passages or channelsfl In, use the hot gases pass downwardly] through the passages lated in thebrick' 'rna'terial, thefgase's'being cooled and leavingthe structure formed by the ,blocks at "What is v "-kno'vv'n as waste "gas 7 temperature. "Thereafter air is passed up Wardly'through the passages forthefpurpose of absorbing the heat .froni the blocks and 'zfiith us" it Will be iobservedthat'the same' 'are q subjected-"to various" temperatures, in jtheprocess of he at accuniulating and air-he ating which accordingly subjects the refractory material to ,difierent strains.) 'As' a result ofthe trenief, changes in] temperature, and their strength after heating'hi'ghly, changes corre- 1 j s ondifigw;

An obfect of the present invention is to rovide a refractory block which'wi11with-- lA- still further objectis to providerefraetoryblocks for use as above described which will lessen the manufacturingcosts-thereof and meet eflectively all requirements of service.-*j

A still further object is toprovideare- 'fractory block of spec'i al design 'forllocat'ion' intermediate the" structure; and which will 7 function toreceive the'air from a block havef several passages or {vice versa a nol which Will-be high n 'efliciency-and stru'etural l'p ifts v I FiguIie stantiall y' through the center of a column of {refractoryibricks the same being constructed H. V ;passage-'aridf-. above the capac ty of the blocks tostand ex 7 I Tlritcgzuregis a p p viewiofthe bottom v o The bricks or checkers as they are comsectional area of the latter passages com bined'bein equalto that ofth singhpas' v 1 ing' a passage-ancl'deliver the samefto abl'ofck t sageway. this manner the draft losses i v are re'dueedto a niiniinumi The top an'dbot T Application fiie vr ti a y 27; 1931:. eam. 518,675.; strength; In the illustratedjefilbodirhent the refractory block of special designhas'a single r passage connectingwith aflowerblock'having" p 7 a plurality of passages-andaccordingly it v thatshovvninthepatenttoStrack #l,679,993,-'

I o la'rlyiconcerned with; thefitra'nsfer of the 10 7; "The blocks'vvithwhich' the present inven;+'-

may; be stated that the invention is parti'cugases from adjacent sectionsof the heat ex- 0 changing structure Where those sections have view, the'invention may consist of 'certain ifnovel features of constructionand operation,- will be iriore fullyjdescribedlandparticuv .r V r s I larly pointedoutiin thejspecifieation;drawing j 'WlIBI'GbY'tlIB heat is abstracted byand acc'il'muand claims appended hereto; v a J In'thefdrawing, Whichillustrates an em:

bodiment of the device and wherein like refer-. v.enc,e; characters are used to designate like a p 1" is {a vertical section ftaken slibin accordancevvvith the present invention; p

I 3; Figure 2 is a top plan View of one of the intermediate bricks the same having a single monly called are all of vhexagonal shapewithverticalgroove's 10 provided al'onglthemeet-f sages for more efliciently permitting travel through the; structure of the hot gases and air. ,"Particularl'y referring to -Fig'ure 'lit Will besee'nthat the. upper checkers 12 are providedi with one passageway 14:" While the Y lovvermost checker 16 of 'the coluinnis providedfwith-nineteen p'assagesafs 18, the cross tom'sufacesoi thecll eokers are madeflat 0 l 1ng-l1nes of thesu'rfacesr Whenlocated 111w operative position with columns side by side. the grooves o'f the various 'checkers vform passo that one may be positioned upon and thus supported by the lower adjacent checker.

Intermediateof the column are positioned a checker 20 having seven openings extending therethrough as 22, the combined sectional area of, which are equal substantially to the areas of the openings in checker 16.

7 structure. As a result the gases and air en- 'ly' reduce the efliciency of the structure as the gases in their travel through the structure would be obstructed causing unequal distribution and thus unequal heating.

To obviate the above disadvantage in those checkerswhich act as ntermediates between the uppermost checkers and the lower check- Vers provided with a larger number of openings, the passage in the intermediate checkersis formed with obliquecurved surfaces 28 beginning 'at a point 30 slightly above the center of the checker and extending to the bottom of'the same. As the surfaces 28 are curved they define semi-circular openings of a diameter equal to those of passages 22 so that the passages merge gradually into the opening 26. In those intermediate checkers having a number of passages, the same character of flaring opening is provided for each passage so that no restriction of any kind is positioned in the path of the gases during their travel through the. heat exchanging counter no definite obstruction and the draft losses are reduced to a minimum.

The various, checkers are all provided with a cross-over flue 32 located in the bottom surface of thesame and connecting with a cavity 34. VVith'the members inoperative position'it is seen that the flue'and cavity are disposed adjacent the flat top surface of the'lower checker. The flues help in facilitating the distribution "of'the gases since if any of the passageways become'clogged orthe refractory members are designed with a partly obstructed the gases can be b-y-passed through the flue and vertical opening formed by the grooves lOwith which the flues con-c nect. By providing the crossover flue and cavity in the same end of the checkers a manufacturing advantage is obtained which not only lessens theircost but expedites their production as well.

From the above it will be appreciated that wall thickness depending on the strain to which they are subjected. The hottest gases are delivered to the upperm ostcheckers where the walls of the same are thickest and as the opening. I

5. A heat exchanging structure comprising gases cool the lower checkers, although made of substantially anequal amount of refractory material are provided with thinner walls, but the heating surface is correspondingly increased. The provision of an intermediate checker. having oblique curved surfaces functions efficiently to eliminate draft losses by providing clear unobstructed passages for both gas and air.

1 It is to be understood that I do not'wish to be limited by the exact embodiment of the device shown, which is merely by way of illustration and not limitation, as various and other forms of the device will of course be apparent to those skilled in the'art without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims. I

I claim:

1; A heatexchanging structure, comprising sets ofsuperposed refractory bodles hav-.

ing vertical passages extending therethrough, the number of which passages increases from the uppermost bodies to the lowermost ones, and certain of said bodies located intermediate thestructure beingv provided with oblique curved surfaces merging into a passage, and Y a cross-over flue provided in thebottom surface of sald bodies. I p

-. 2. A .lIQSL-lPQXChflIlglJlg structure for 'il-lI' heaters and the like, comprising sets of super- 7 posed refractory bodies, each set including uppermost bodies having a single passage and lower bodies provided with a" plurality of passages, and an 7 intermediates-refractory 2 body having a single passage., said passage having; a flaring lower portion formed by a plurality of spaced obliquecurved surfaces.

3. A heat-exchanging structure for l 'air' heaters and the like, comprising sets ofsuperposed refractory bodiesfeach set including uppermostbodies having asingle passage and lower bodies provided with a plurality of passages, said bodies having fiattop and bottom surfaces, a cross-over flue provided inthe bottom surfaces of each of said bodies, and an intermediate refractory body having a single passage, said passage being provided at its lower portion w1th obhque curved surfaces to form a flaring opening. I

4. Arefractory body for heat-exchanging structures having a single passage extending therethrough, the top and bottom surfaces of said body being flat with one of said surfaces having a groove therein formingfa crossover flue, and oblique curved surfaces 7 located at intervals in said passage forming a flaring sets of superposed refractory bodies having vertical passages, the number of which pas-" sages increases from the uppermost bodies to the lowermost bodies, certain bodies-intermediate the structure serving to facilitate the travel of the gases from .sections'of different I characteristics, said lntermediate bodies hav-- 'ing a passage provided with a flaring lower end formed by a plurality of spaced oblique curvedsurfaces, the curved surfaces defining sem -circular openings for coinciding w1th lithe contour-of certain passages in the lower adjacent body thereto.

6. 'A heat-exchanging structure comprising sets of superposed refractory bodies, certain a plurality of passages, and. 'intermediate checkers having a passage provided with a fao" odies having a plural;

lower end formed by'a plurality of spaced j of February, 1931.

'flaringend adjacent one end of the checker,

all of saidcheckers having flat top and bottom surfaces, and a cavity formed in one end of each checker centrally} thereof.

8. A heat-exchanging structure comprising sets of superposed refractory checkers, each set includinguppermost checkers having.- a

single passage,lower checkers provided with afplu rality'of passages, and intermediatev checkershaving a passage Witha flaring end ad ace nt the bottom of the checker, all of said checkers having flat top and bottomsurfaces,

a cavity formed in the bottom surface of each checker centrally thereof, and a cross-over flue provided ineach checker andhaving communication with the cavity and vertical passa e or passages in the checker.

ignedat Chicago, Illinois, this 25th day CHARLES GQBIGELOWQ 

